Abstract
Development of Electrochemical Detection Methods for Chemical Analysis
Lee, Joon-Woo
Department of Chemistry
Dongguk University
Flow injection analysis(FIA) allows us to have a rapid and
continuous detection of a large number of samples.
In this study, we assembled a FIA system with an electrochemical detector
for the quantitative determination of thiourea(TU) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic
acid(EDTA) as model compounds.
DC amperometry is applied for the determination of TU at PbO2
and AsOx/PbO2 electrodes as working electrode(WE).
The oxide electrodes can be in situ prepared by applying a constant potential
at a Pt substrate while solutions containing Pb(II) ion or Pb(II) plus As(V) ion
continuously flow into the cell. Triple-step potential waveforms are adopted with
an optimized pulsed waveform for TU and EDTA detection.
For TU detection, linear dynamic range is 1.0 X 10-3 ¡ 1.0 X 10-6 M
with PbO2 and AsOx/PbO2 electrodes.
AsOx/PbO2 electrode shows a lower detection limit than
pure PbO2 and Au electrode and better sensitivities can also be obtained
for AsOx/PbO2 electrode.
Sensitive detection of TU with a detection limit of 1.4 X 10-7 M is achieved with
AsOx/PbO2 electrode electrodeposited in a solution of
[As(V)]/[Pb(II)] = 0.8.
For EDTA detection, we have accomplished a linear dynamic range of
5.0 X 10-5 ¡ 2.0 X 10-3 M.
The detection limit of EDTA is calculated to be 4.2 X 10-5 M.
A group of metal ions, such as Fe(III), Ni(II), Mg(II), is indirectly determined
by analysis the amount of uncomplexed EDTA. This method is based on detection of
free EDTA which don't complex with metal ion in excess EDTA solution.
Metal ions can also be selectively detected by changing the pH of flow stream solution.
Detection limit of Fe(III) and Ni(II) is estimated to be 5.1 X 10-5 and
3.8 X 10-5 M, respectively by this detection scheme.
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Àü±âÈÇÐ °ËÃâ±â¸¦ ¿¬°áÇÑ È帧 ÁÖÀÔ ºÐ¼®(Flow Injection Analysis, FIA)ÀåÄ¡¸¦ Á¦ÀÛÇÏ¿©
Thiourea ¹× EDTA¸¦ Á¤·® ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Àü±â ÈÇÐÀû °ËÃâ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î Á÷·ù Àü·ù¹ý(DC amperometry)°ú ÆÞ½º Àü·ù¹ý(Pulsed amperometry)À»
»ç¿ëÇÏ¿´°í, ÀÛ¾÷ Àü±ØÀ¸·Î PbO2¸¦ ÀÔÈù »êȹ° Àü±Ø, AsOx/PbO2
»êȹ°À» ÀÔÈù »êȹ° Àü±Ø, ±×¸®°í ±Ý Àü±ØÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù.
±Ý ÀÛ¾÷ Àü±ØÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ÆÞ½º Àü·ù¹ýÀ¸·Î Thiourea ¶Ç´Â EDTA¸¦ Á¤·®ÇÏ´Â ½ÇÇè¿¡¼
°ËÃâ ÀüÀ§ À¯Áö ½Ã°£, »êÈ ÀüÀ§¿Í »êÈ ÀüÀ§ À¯Áö ½Ã°£, ÈíÂø ÀüÀ§¿Í ÈíÂø ÀüÀ§ À¯Áö ½Ã°£ µîÀ»
º¯È½ÃÄÑ ´ë»ó ÈÇÕ¹°ÀÇ °ËÃâ¿¡ ÀûÇÕÇÑ ÆÞ½º ÆÄÇüÀ» ¾òÀº ÈÄ Àü·ù°ª º¯È¸¦ °üÂûÇÏ¿´´Ù.
PbO2 ¹× AsOx/PbO2À» ÀÛ¾÷ Àü±ØÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇϰí
ThioureaÀÇ ³óµµ º¯È¿¡ µû¸¥ Àü·ù¸¦ ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ¿©, °ËÁ¤°î¼±À» ±×·Áº» °á°ú
1.0 X 10-3¡ 1.0 X 10-6 MÀÇ ³ÐÀº ³óµµ¿¡ °ÉÃÄ
Àü·ù°ªÀÌ ¼±ÇüÀûÀ¸·Î ºñ·ÊÇÏ´Â °á°ú¸¦ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
AsOx/PbO2 Àü±ØÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ °æ¿ì ¼®Ãâ ¿ë¾×¿¡¼
ºñ¼Ò¿Í ³³ÀÇ ºñ°¡ [As(V)]/[Pb(II)] = 0.8ÀÎ »êȹ° Àü±Ø¿¡¼
ThioureaÀÇ °ËÃâ ÇѰ谡 1.4 X 10-7 MÀ¸·Î ±Ý ȤÀº PbO2 Àü±Øº¸´Ù
ÁÁÀº °ËÃâ ÇѰ踦 ¾ò¾ú´Ù.
¼ø¼öÇÑ EDTA¸¦ ÆÞ½º Àü·ù¹ýÀ¸·Î ½ÇÇèÇÑ °á°ú 5.0 X 10-5 M¡2.0 X 10-3 M ³óµµ
¹üÀ§¿¡ °ÉÃÄ Àü·ù°ªÀÌ ¼±ÇüÀ¸·Î ºñ·ÊÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, EDTAÀÇ °ËÃâ ÇѰè´Â 4.2 X 10-5 MÀ̾ú´Ù.
Ni(II), Fe(III), Mg(II)µî°ú °°Àº ±Ý¼Ó ÀÌ¿ÂÀÇ ³óµµ¸¦ °áÁ¤Çϱâ À§ÇØ
±Ý¼Ó ¿ë¾×°ú °ú·®ÀÇ EDTA¸¦ ¼¯¾î, ±Ý¼Ó°ú °áÇÕÇϰí EDTAÀÇ ³óµµ¸¦ Á¤·®ÇÏ¿©
°£Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ±Ý¼ÓÀ» Á¤·®ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¿î¹Ý À¯Ã¼ÀÇ pH¸¦ Á¶ÀýÇÏ¿© EDTAÀÇ °áÇÕÇÏ´Â ±Ý¼Ó ÀÌ¿ÂÀÇ Á¾·ù¸¦ Á¶ÀýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç,
ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ Fe(III)ÀÇ °ËÃâ ÇѰè´Â 5.1 X 10-5 M,
Ni(II)ÀÇ °ËÃâ ÇѰè´Â 3.8 X 10-5 MÀ̾ú´Ù.
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